Contenuti per la categoria: Organizzazioni non confessionali

The Atlas of Religious or Belief Minority Rights in the EU: First remarks on Belief Organisations

ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on the first results of the Atlas of Religious or Belief Minority Rights in the EU regarding the legal status of Belief Organisations. The first part of this work describes “Belief Organisations”, focusing on why they are included in the Atlas, and analyses the growth of atheism and agnosticism in the countries covered by the project. The second part focuses on some of the findings that emerge from Atlas data, providing a few (provisional) remarks.

ABSTRACT: Il contributo analizza alcuni primi risultati dell’Atlas of Religious or Belief Minority Rights in the EU in relazione allo status giuridico delle “belief organisations”. Dopo aver delimitato il perimetro definitorio delle “belief organisations”, il lavoro illustra le ragioni della loro inclusione all’interno del progetto e la diffusione del fenomeno ateo e agnostico nei Paesi coinvolti nell’Atlas. Il contributo formula alcune prime osservazioni sui risultati emersi dai dati analizzati.

SUMMARY: 1. The Atlas of Religious or Belief Minority Rights in the EU: a brief introduction - 2. Belief Organisations as actors in the religious field - 3. The religious demography of atheism and agnosticism - 4. About Belief Organisations - 5. Focus on Belief Organisations: first findings.

TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1. The coronavirus crisis: a tragedy and an opportunity - 2. Demanding governments’ accountability - 3. The conditions for legitimate restrictions on freedom of religion or belief - 4. The significance of equality and State’s neutrality for the protection of religious freedom - 5. Advantages of dialogue and cooperation between State and religion - 6. Support and doubts in the reaction of religious communities to governmental measures - 7. Final remarks.

ABASTRACT: This article explores peculiarities of the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to other health crisis experienced in the past. Each character is thoroughly examined in the article. The article focuses on four thematic areas: the legal regulation of the fight against coronavirus; the equality of treatment of religious freedom in relation to other fundamental rights; the cooperation between the State and religious communities; and the reactions of religious communities to governmental measures. The article argues that rather than raising new questions, COVD-19 has forced us to deal with familiar questions under unprecedented circumstances. In this frame, time has played a central role as a factor to be taken into account to scrutinize the legitimacy of measures introducing severe limitations to fundamental rights and freedoms. Finally, the article claims that from a legal perspective, the experience of the past months reveals that, especially in times of crisis, we need a scrupulous respect for the requirements of the rule of law, including a strict accountability and transparency from governments, and putting especial emphasis on the protection of fundamental rights, among which is freedom of religion or belief.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. L’adozione delle misure di contenimento tra uguale tempestività e diversità procedurale - 3. Sostanziale uniformità dei provvedimenti - 4. Reazioni diverse alle misure restrittive da parte dei gruppi religiosi e delle associazioni filosofiche non confessionali - 5. Osservazioni conclusive.

Freedom of worship in the time of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Standard of protection in Italy, France and Belgium

ABSTRACT: the contribution intends to analyze, through a comparative key, the operational strategies adopted by the Belgian, French and Italian governments and the responses of religious groups affected by the restrictive measures of freedom of worship. The choice of these three States - Belgium, France, Italy - is motivated by the specificity of their models of relations between the State and the religious phenomenon; it allows a perspective view able to offer constructive food for thought. The analysis does not claim to be exhaustive, since the pandemic situation is, unfortunately, still evolving, which makes crisis management policies susceptible to sudden changes and adaptations.
 

Sommario: 1. Introduzione - 2. La dimensione della ‘non credenza’ e le direttive costituzionali - 3. Fenomeno ateistico collettivo, eguale libertà e pluralismo ideale - 4. Il libero esercizio della propaganda come strumento irrinunciabile di realizzazione della dimensione comunitaria della miscredenza.

Organized atheistic belief and free propagandistic communication of the ideal-spiritual orientations

ABSTRACT: With an its recent intervention, the Court of Cassation has clearly affirmed that the freedom of conscience of non-believers falls within the broader freedom, in religious matters, ensured by the articles 19 and 21 of the Constitutional Charter. A freedom to be understood also in the negative sense, having to exclude, within our system, any form of differentiation for the protection of the free, individual and collective, explanation both of religious faith and of atheism. In this order of ideas, any limits and prohibitions to the exercise of the right to propaganda of atheistic associations integrate the extremes of discrimination that are incompatible with the constitutional and supranational norms to guarantee the freedom of expression of thought, the ideal and confessional pluralism, the dignity of the human person and the neutrality of public authorities.

SUMARIO: 1. Introducción - 2. Caracteres generales del proyecto de ley: el reconocimiento del matrimonio de creencia - 3. Algunas claves jurídicas de esta nueva propuesta normativa.

A New Bill to Recognize the Belief Marriage in England: the Marriage (Approved Organisations) Bill

ABSTRACT: In this paper the author briefly examines the content of the Marriage (Approved Organisations) Bill, a proposal recently introduced in the House of Lords, which is aimed to amend the wedding law in England and Wales in order to recognise al last the humanist marriages and, more widely, the marriages of the so called belief bodies that have already been introduced in almost every other jurisdiction in the British Islands, so these new belief marriages can be granted an equivalent status to the one currently conferred to religious marriages.

1 - Nel tempo della pandemia l'attenzione di commentatori e studiosi si è concentrata sulle limitazioni al (diritto di riunirsi per finalità di) culto. Non sembra avere ricevuto lo stesso interesse un altro contagiato dal virus, ancor più a rischio perché malato cronico: l'esercizio della propaganda in contesto di effettivo pluralismo, sul quale grava il consueto silenzio. Il dramma che oggi tutti viviamo è favorevole a un racconto incline ad accentuare le componenti emotive dei messaggi veicolati, al fine di coinvolgere la platea più ampia di "spettatori". Trionfa così la rappresentazione, fortemente mediatizzata, delle immagini di maggior efficacia, da rendere iconiche per il loro impatto sinestetico: potenti strumenti di persuasione a svantaggio, in un circolo vizioso, delle fedi di minore "ascolto", più che mai senza voce. (segue)

Son passati quasi trent’anni dacché tra le varie dichiarazioni apposte in calce al trattato di Maastricht comparve abbastanza inaspettatamente quella che impegna l’Unione Europea al “dialogo trasparente, costante e regolare” con “le chiese e le associazioni o comunità religiose” non più e non meno, tuttavia, che con le “organizzazioni filosofiche e non confessionali”. Dichiarazione apparentemente innocua, giacché espressamente si esclude che da essa possa essere pregiudicato lo status a quelle organizzazioni assegnato dai diritti nazionali, ma politicamente impegnativa per l’Unione, tanto che fece strada e si riversò nell’art. 17 del TFUE, assumendo così un carattere anche giuridicamente impegnativo. (segue)

Non-believer’s Europe

ABSTRACT: In spite of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, which puts on the same footing the status of the churches and of the humanist organizations, the status  of believers and non-believers is not the same in each state, regardless its model (the paper quotes briefly the features of United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Italy, Germany  and Malta). The reason lies in a kind of mass religious tradition, which at present is even more hard to defeat because of the rampant populism, which takes advantage also of the religion. The antidote stays in the pluralistic – not monist and excluding the differences -  secularism in order to grant the same dignity of believers also to both differently believers and non-believers.

Il 28 settembre 2018, presso l’Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, si è tenuto un convegno internazionale co-finanziato dall’Unione Europea, che ha visto la partecipazione di giovani studiosi delle più diverse discipline giuridiche, italiani e stranieri. I relatori, selezionati in seguito ad una “call for papers”, cui è stata data ampia pubblicità in Italia e all’estero, si sono confrontati sul tema del pluralismo religioso nel sistema europeo e, soprattutto, nella recente giurisprudenza delle Corti sovranazionali. (continua)

SUMARIO: 1. Introducción - 2. Caracteres esenciales del sistema matrimonial en Irlanda del Norte - 3. La sentencia de la High Court de 9 de junio de 2017 en el caso In Re Laura Smyth - 4. Conclusiones: hacia el pleno reconocimiento de los matrimonios de creencia en las islas británicas.

The recognition of the so called belief marriages in Northern Ireland: a revolutionary High Court decision (9 June 2017)

ABSTRACT: In a context in which most other countries in the British Islands have allready recognised the validity of the so called belief marriages, very recently the Northern Ireland High Court has delivered its decision in the case In Re Laura Smyth, concerning the autorisation of humanist celebrants to perform a legally valid and binding humanist wedding ceremony in Northern Ireland, as it had been requested by the applicant in this case. In this extremely important decision, Mr Justice Colton declares that the initial denial by the General Register Office of the applicant’s request was in breach of section 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998 as contrary to the applicant’s rights under Article 9 and Article 14 ECHR, and consequently makes a declaration against the General Register Office in order to grant the application for the requested temporary authorisation to humanist celebrants. This paper summarizes and conducts a preliminary analysis of this decision’s content.

Sommario : 1. Le vicende precedenti - 2. La sentenza della Corte costituzionale 10 marzo 2016 n. 52 - 3. Considerazioni a margine della decisione.